Crocodilians of Ganga River Basin

Crocodiles are large predatory reptiles belonging to the order Crocodylia. These ancient creatures have a lineage dating back over 200 million years, making them relatives of dinosaurs. They inhibit tropical regions across Africa, Asia, America and Australia. There are approximately 27 species of these ponderous, amphibious animals, characterized by their lizard like appearance and carnivorous habits. The term ‘crocodile’ is often used more broadly to refer to all extant members of the order Crocodylia, which includes alligators, caimans, gharials and other extinct taxa. Crocodiles possess powerful jaws lined with numerous conical teeth, short legs with clawed webbed toes and a long, massive tail. Their thick, plated skin offers protection and aids in thermoregulation. They share a unique body structure that allows their eyes, ears and nostrils to remain above water surface while the rest of their body remains submerged, making them efficient ambush predators. They are semi-aquatic animals, typically congregating in freshwater habitats such as rivers, lakes and wetlands, though some species can also tolerate brackish and saltwater environments. They are carnivorous, preying primarily on vertebrates such as fish, reptiles, birds and mammals. All crocodiles are tropical species and, unlike alligators, are highly sensitive to cold temperatures. Many species of crocodiles are at the risk of extinction and some are being classified as critically endangered.

Aquatic Species / Crocodilian