Geographical Distribution
Wallago is found across large parts of South and Southeast Asia, though its range appears disjointed, with a significant gap separating the population of the Indian subcontinent from that of mainland and insular Southeast Asia. On the Indian subcontinent, it inhabits all major river systems, including Ganges, Indus, Narmada, Godavari, Krishna and Mahanandi as well as the island of Sri Lanka. Its range extends northwest wards beyond Pakistan, while to the east, it reached as far as the Irrawaddy River basin in Myanmar. The second population occurs in Southeast Asia and encompasses Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia.

General Information  
Little is known about the breeding of Wallago, however, this predatory catfish is abundant during the warm season and is a pre-monsoon summer breeder. It is a large, voracious fish that thrives in water bodies with grassy margins and typically hides in holes along riverbanks and canals. Wallago is commonly associated with deep, still or slow-flowing waters with a muddy or silty substrate. Being largely piscivorous, its diet predominantly consists of animal matter, as confirmed by gut content analysis of specimens from the Godavari River in India, which revealed that 90–95% of the consumed food was of animal origin.   

Threats
- Overfishing by commercial and recreational fish industries is a major concern.
- Air, water and soil pollution.
- Habitat loss and degradation due to dam construction, climate change such as heavy rainfall or draught.
- Heavy competition from alien species.